Wells Cathedral, standing in the picturesque city of Wells, is a masterpiece of English Gothic architecture and a beacon of medieval history. Built in the 12th century, the cathedral holds countless treasures within its walls, but one of its most fascinating artifacts lies hidden below ground in the Undercroft. This centuries-old space houses a pair of remarkable wooden doors that tell a story of craftsmanship, security, and the medieval world’s ingenuity.
The Historic Undercroft Door: A Portal to the Past
One of the most captivating features of the Undercroft is its inner door, constructed around 1265 according to the Oxford Dendrochronology Laboratory. This door, built from vertical planks and reinforced with a ‘portcullis’ frame, reflects the practical yet artistic approach of medieval craftsmanship. Its ornate iron scrollwork, adorned with leaves, flowers, and small birds, suggests that parts of it may have been recycled from another structure. Above the door, a bolt hole allowed a heavy bar to be dropped into place, providing robust security for the Cathedral’s treasures and manuscripts stored inside.
Installed two centuries later, around 1450, the outer door was designed with increased security in mind. Its imposing construction included an advanced locking system, vertical planks on one side, and horizontal planks on the other. This addition came at a time when political unrest and threats against the Church necessitated enhanced protection. While the outer door remains permanently shut today, visitors can still admire its sturdy craftsmanship and historical significance as a testament to the turbulent times during which it was built.
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Explore the medieval center and stunning cathedral of Wells, England – watch the video to uncover the rich history and architectural beauty of this iconic location!
The Undercroft: A Vaulted Treasure Trove
The Undercroft itself, constructed between 1275 and 1310, was originally designed as a secure treasury. Built in the Geometric style of Decorated Gothic architecture, it featured vaulted ceilings and brick-lined walls, ensuring the safety of the Cathedral’s most valuable possessions.
In contemporary times, the Undercroft has been repurposed as an exhibition space, welcoming visitors to explore its historical significance. The carefully preserved doors remain a focal point, offering a tangible connection to the medieval world.
Wells Cathedral: A Marvel of Gothic Architecture
Wells Cathedral is celebrated for its unique features, such as the iconic West Front, adorned with over 300 sculpted figures, and the awe-inspiring scissor arches that support the central tower. These architectural marvels set Wells apart from other English cathedrals.
Another treasure is the Wells Clock, considered the second-oldest clock mechanism in Great Britain, which continues to fascinate visitors with its intricate design and historical significance.
The Cathedral also houses the octagonal Chapter House, a masterpiece of Gothic architecture, and one of only four chained libraries in the UK. This library contains books that date back over 1,000 years, offering a glimpse into the scholarly pursuits of the medieval Church.
Vicars’ Close: England’s Last Complete Medieval Street
Adjacent to the Cathedral lies Vicars’ Close, believed to be the only complete medieval street remaining in England. Built in the 14th century to house the Vicars Choral, this close-knit community has remained an integral part of the Cathedral’s daily worship tradition for over 900 years.
The Close’s 27 residences, adorned with iconic chimneys added in the 15th century, are all Grade I listed. Connected to the Cathedral by the Chain Gate Bridge, this self-contained community continues to serve its original purpose, with Vicars Choral, organists, and virgers still residing there today.
The Timeless Charm of Wells
Wells Cathedral remains a spiritual haven, hosting daily services, events, and the renowned Evensong performed by its world-class choir. Visitors are invited to join free guided tours and immerse themselves in the serene beauty of this historic site.
The city of Wells, with its cobbled streets, historic market square, and surrounding Somerset countryside, offers a charming escape for visitors. The harmonious blend of natural beauty and historical landmarks makes Wells a must-visit destination.
Conclusion
Wells Cathedral and its ancient Undercroft doors stand as enduring symbols of medieval ingenuity, artistry, and devotion. The craftsmanship of these doors, coupled with the architectural grandeur of the Cathedral, offers a glimpse into a world where beauty and functionality coexisted seamlessly.
Today, as visitors explore the Undercroft and admire the intricate details of these historic doors, they are transported back in time, connecting with a rich past that continues to inspire and educate. Preserving such treasures ensures that the legacy of Wells Cathedral endures for generations to come—a testament to the timeless power of human creativity and faith.
