Archaeologists have made a significant discovery, unearthing a mass grave containing 36 skeletons bound in irons near Athens. These remains have led experts to speculate that they may be the slain comrades of Cylon, a nobleman who attempted a coup to become the tyrant of Athens in 632 BC. The excavation, conducted in an ancient cemetery, provides valuable insights into the political turmoil and social dynamics during this period in Greek history.
Unveiling the Mass Grave and its Historical Context
The discovery of the mass grave in a large cemetery near Athens provides valuable insights into the historical context of the time. Through careful analysis of the artifacts found within the grave, archaeologists have been able to determine the estimated date of the burial, placing it between 650 and 625 BC.
The presence of two small vases, which were stylistically dated to the same period, played a crucial role in helping researchers establish the timeframe. Such pottery analysis is a common practice in archaeological studies as pottery styles and techniques evolve over time, providing valuable chronological markers for dating purposes.
This era, characterized by significant political instability in the region, set the stage for Cylon’s audacious coup attempt. The Greek culture ministry has highlighted the turbulent nature of the time, with various factions vying for power and societal tensions simmering beneath the surface.
Cylon’s Ambitions and the Tragic Outcome
Cylon, a renowned Olympic champion and nobleman, believed that the oracle at Delphi had instructed him to seize the Acropolis of Athens. With the support of Theagenes, his father-in-law and the tyrant of Megara, Cylon gathered forces and took control of the Acropolis during a major festival. However, the Athenians fiercely opposed his rule, and a group led by the nine Archons laid siege to the Acropolis. Tragically, the besieged party, including Cylon’s comrades, was eventually led away and put to death, even in the presence of sacred altars, leading to a curse on the murderers and their descendants.
Clues from the Mass Grave and the Cemetery
The 36 skeletons found in the mass grave offer intriguing clues about the individuals who were buried there. The well-preserved teeth indicate that they were young and healthy at the time of their deaths. These remains are part of a vast cemetery near Athens, where ongoing excavations have revealed fascinating aspects of ancient life, including the practice of gifting items to the deceased. The cemetery primarily served the common people of small villages and settlements in the Faliron Delta region, possibly extending as far as the Acropolis.
Insights into Social Conditions and Health
Analysis of the bones from the Phaleron cemetery provides valuable insights into the social conditions and health of the individuals buried there. Evidence of stress-related injuries, particularly in the upper limbs and spine, suggests a life of arduous labor and lower social status. Additionally, signs of chronic malnutrition, vitamin deficiencies, and anemia among both children and adults further indicate the hardships faced by this population.
The discovery of the mass grave containing shackled skeletons near Athens has shed new light on the tumultuous period of Greek history. Archaeologists speculate that these individuals were the slain comrades of Cylon, an Olympic champion who attempted a coup in 632 BC.
This find offers a glimpse into the political and social dynamics of the time, highlighting the consequences of failed power grabs and the suffering endured by the common people. Through continued excavation and analysis, researchers hope to gain further insights into the lives and struggles of those who lived during this fascinating period of ancient Greece.
