Nestled near modern-day Bologna, the ancient Roman city of Claterna has once again revealed its storied past. Archaeologists have uncovered over 3,000 Roman coins and 50 engraved gems in an excavation that has redefined Claterna’s importance as a cultural and commercial hub. This extraordinary find sheds new light on the city’s role in the Roman Empire and underscores its moniker as the “Pompeii of the North.”
Claterna: A Historical Jewel of the Roman Empire
Claterna, founded in the 2nd century BCE, thrived for centuries before the fall of the Roman Empire. Strategically located, it served as a vital center for trade and culture. Previous excavations at the site have unveiled a plethora of Roman architectural wonders, including a forum, intricate sculptures, luxurious bathhouses, and elegant domus adorned with vibrant mosaics and marbles. These finds painted a picture of a bustling city teeming with life and sophistication.
Recent discoveries, however, suggest that Claterna’s significance extended far beyond its architectural grandeur. The unearthed coins and gems hint at the city’s economic prominence and cultural vibrancy, challenging earlier assumptions that Claterna was merely a transit town.
Video:
Unveiling the Treasures of Claterna
The recent excavation, conducted on just 10% of the sprawling 44-acre site, has yielded one of the largest collections of Roman coins in Northern Italy. The 3,000 coins, predominantly silver and bronze, offer invaluable insights into the city’s economic history. Among the collection is a rare silver quinary dating back to 97 BCE, found within the corridors of a newly discovered theatre complex. This coin’s discovery underscores the city’s direct ties to Rome and its vital role in regional trade.
The gems, engraved with intricate depictions of Roman deities, further illustrate Claterna’s cultural richness. These artifacts are not merely decorative but serve as windows into the religious and artistic sensibilities of the time. They reveal the city’s deep connection to Roman mythology and its residents’ sophisticated tastes.
Lucia Borgonzoni, Italy’s Undersecretary of State, emphasized the importance of these finds, stating, “Given the significance and quantity of artifacts uncovered, we can probably speak of a Pompeii of the North.” The discoveries have reshaped our understanding of Claterna, transforming it from a perceived transit town to a thriving commercial and cultural hub.
Claterna: A Hub of Commerce and Culture
The unearthed coins point to Claterna’s bustling trade activities and its strategic economic role in connecting the northern provinces to Rome. The city’s location made it a vital trading center, with goods and currency flowing seamlessly between regions. The presence of the rare silver quinary and other high-value coins indicates a sophisticated economic system and strong ties to the capital.
The gems, with their artistic engravings of Roman deities, reflect the city’s cultural depth. These pieces highlight the fusion of local and imperial influences, offering a glimpse into the lives and beliefs of Claterna’s inhabitants. The presence of such artifacts elevates the city’s status as a beacon of Roman art and culture.
The Theatre Complex: A Glimpse into Entertainment and Society
One of the most exciting discoveries is the ancient theatre complex, which housed the rare silver quinary. The theatre, a focal point of public life, would have hosted a variety of performances, from dramatic plays to political gatherings. Its corridors, now littered with coins and artifacts, provide a vivid snapshot of life in Claterna over 2,000 years ago.
Plans are underway to restore the theatre, allowing visitors to experience the grandeur of Roman entertainment firsthand. This restoration effort aims to bridge the gap between past and present, bringing Claterna’s rich history to life for modern audiences.
A City of Untapped Potential
Despite the incredible finds, only a fraction of Claterna has been excavated. Francesca Tomba, superintendent of Bologna, remarked, “A large part of the site is still yet to be discovered.” The vast, unexplored sections of the city hold the promise of more groundbreaking discoveries, from artifacts to architectural marvels.
The ongoing excavation efforts, led by Italy’s Cultural Ministry and local institutions, aim to uncover more of Claterna’s hidden treasures. These efforts are not only about preservation but also about educating the public on the city’s historical significance.
Claterna’s Legacy and Future
Claterna stands as a testament to the ingenuity and resilience of Roman civilization. Its coins and gems tell stories of trade, art, and faith, offering a unique glimpse into the lives of its inhabitants. The city’s rediscovery has reignited interest in its history, drawing scholars and enthusiasts from around the world.
Looking ahead, Claterna’s ancient theatre will soon be restored to host performances and events, much like it did centuries ago. This initiative, coupled with educational programs for young people, aims to make Claterna a global destination for history and archaeology.
Conclusion
The discovery of over 3,000 coins and 50 gems in Claterna has solidified its status as one of Italy’s most significant archaeological sites. These finds not only highlight the city’s economic and cultural importance but also challenge long-held assumptions about its role in the Roman Empire. As excavation efforts continue, Claterna promises to reveal even more of its secrets, enriching our understanding of the ancient world and its enduring legacy. Truly, Claterna is not just a “Pompeii of the North” but a beacon of Roman brilliance waiting to shine once more.
