The Toghrol Tower, standing tall in the ancient city of Rey, Iran, is a testament to the ingenuity and architectural prowess of the Seljuk dynasty. This remarkable structure, dating back to 1063 AD, has captivated scholars and visitors alike with its unique design and intriguing history. As we delve into the rich tapestry of this iconic landmark, we’ll uncover the fascinating story behind its construction and the mysteries that continue to shroud its purpose.
The Architectural Marvels of the Toghrol Tower
The Toghrol Tower stands at a towering height of 20 meters, its sturdy brick and Sarooj (water-resistant mortar) construction defying the passage of time. Its unique geometry sets it apart, with an internal surface that is a smooth cylinder of 11 meters in diameter, while the external shape takes the form of a 24-angled polygon. This polygonal design serves not only as a sound, earthquake-resistant structure but also transforms the building into a remarkable horological device.
A Timekeeping Treasure
As the sun casts its rays upon the Toghrol Tower, the shadows created by the polygonal angles act as a natural timekeeper. When one of the angles is illuminated, it signifies the passage of an hour since sunrise. This ingenious architectural feature not only serves a practical purpose but also captivates visitors with its elegant and functional design.
The Muqarnas and the Cornice
Adorning the upper section of the tower is a remarkable feature – a high muqarnas (or Ahoopāy), a typical ornamental vaulting used in Islamic architecture. This intricate pattern of stalactite-like structures allows for a seamless transition between the stellar plan and the circular cornice, creating a visually stunning and architecturally sophisticated element.
The Enigmatic Interior
The interior of the Toghrol Tower is equally intriguing, with a set of stairs and a door leading to the center of the cylindrical structure. Today, this central space is left completely bare and open to the sky, leaving us to wonder about its original purpose and the role it played in the tower’s overall design.
A Lighthouse for the Silk Road
Some scholars believe that the Toghrol Tower may have served as a lighthouse, guiding the travelers of the Silk Road during foggy days and nights. Its strategic location and towering presence would have made it an invaluable navigation aid for the caravans traversing the ancient trade routes.
The Tomb of Tuğrul Beg?
Another theory suggests that the Toghrol Tower was conceived as the tomb of Tuğrul Beg, the founder of the Seljuk dynasty. This notion is supported by the tower’s symbolic significance and its association with a prominent historical figure.
Conclusion
The Toghrol Tower stands as a testament to the architectural brilliance of the Seljuk era, blending form and function in a masterful way. From its unique geometry to its intricate ornamentation and potential role in guiding travelers, this iconic landmark continues to captivate and inspire all who encounter it. As we delve deeper into the mysteries and marvels of the Toghrol Tower, we are left in awe of the enduring legacy of this architectural gem in the heart of Iran.
